Hi, few days ago I had a similar problem, I was almost clueless about the PCB swap on the new big capacity drives, but and with help and a lot of luck I was able to find a way of recovery my data. this was my problem
pcb-repair-replaced-help-needed-for-two-book-t16214.htmlIn my case the problem was with the TVS diode, so I was lucky to have the problem only with the diode.a simple test I did was actually to desolder one end of the diode D4 , isolate the open end , an try to see if HDD spins, if yes , maybe you have a chance.If not, measure the other diode D3, and the 0 ohm resistor (closest part to D4)
My answers to your questions, again.
1. New PCB, or try to fix yours, but the HDD preamp can be damaged to, so, take the PBC problem with a grain of salt
2. You get a look online, ebay, or send a request on the HDD repair forums (there are plenty), but the chances to find the exact model/sn/firmware PCB, are very slim
3. matching the PCB using the code on the label (firmware)
4. U12 swap? Risky, I do not recommend to mess with swapping chips, It can cost a lot down the road.
Again I'm not a specialist in HDD repairs, and as others said to me , the safest way is to take it to professionals, but....this is a repair forum so you have to make the decisions yourself.