Hi,
first to whoever reads: NEVER run checkdisk on a partition U have important data on! it can be the very harmful especially on FAT partitions.
The long version:
Now it is very important that you don't let any OS touch this partition, this can be done first creating a backup of the MBR itself, then changing the signature in the MBR ( 0x55 0xaa) to something else, or changing the partition type (from 0c->1c (FAT32), 07->17 (NTFS)). This latter will let some recovery progs see the partition correctly, I recommend GetDataBack.
(Hopefully your drive has a good writing channel, otherwise we mess up things

)
But I would first create an image of the whole drive to a known good drive having at least the size of the bad drive (this is a bit-by-bit cloning).
then I would run the logical recovery SW on the clone and see if your files are OK.
This whole thing must be done by running your system from another HDD, (and not from the one U will clone to either, hehe) of course.
the short version: U plug the HDD into a computer having good OS and the logical recovery SW installed, and see if U get something. But I must tell this is very risky to both your data and the OS stability as well.
regards,
pepe