Hi,
First - I am not sure if you know how to read smart sectors - If so do this - if reading is perfect then -->>
Second - I assume the drive detects correctly, fully. If so, and only if so, run MHDD and do a scan,
and report here what you find with the scan.
It is possible that the scan will be near perfect then you could narrow down the problem.
btw. the terminal report is reporting exactly according to the words - "failed write of system sector".
See, drive must check to see if it can write to some system sector before it will work properly.
hint : there could be some way to bypass necessity to pass this test
there are some aces who say they have some buttons to click to solve the problem and make
the drive readable - if you have some ace up your sleeve - ask them. Success!!
The underlying cause of this problem is most likely the start of media problems and SMART errors or SMART writing faults.
Often, in theses cases heads will be OK.