Your board has sustained an overvoltage on the +5V supply. The part on the lefthand edge of the PCB is the 5V TVS diode. You can snip it out with flush cutters.
The part near the SATA power connector is an inductor (or low ohm resistor ?). You can clean up the area with a toothbrush and isopropyl alcohol (tape head cleaner). Then replace the inductor with a wire link.
If there are no other problems, then the board should work perfectly well. However, be absolutely certain that your power supply is OK, as you will no longer have overvoltage protection on the 5V supply. For continued protection, you can replace the diode with an SMAJ5.0A from Farnell, Mouser, Digikey.
If you need to replace the board, then you will need to transplant the 8-pin serial EEPROM chip from patient to donor. This chip stores unique, drive specific calibration data. It is located in the top LH corner of the board.
If you need to purchase a PCB, try the following vendor:
http://www.onepcbsolution.com/His price is US$40, plus $10 for a ROM transfer.
Alternatively, try
http://www.hdd-parts.com/firmware-transfer.htmlThese URLs should help you identify the components:
http://hddscan.com/doc/HDD_from_inside.htmlhttp://www.users.on.net/~fzabkar/HDD/HDD_ICs.txthttp://www.users.on.net/~fzabkar/HDD/TVS_diodes.txt