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cheadledatarecovery
 Post subject: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 22nd, 2021, 8:08 
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Posts: 306
Location: Manchester, UK
Hello all - Merry Christmas!

I've reached a dead-end on this Charger. Before anyone suggests it, I have already considered that the PCB on this charger is not the original. According to the owner and the PC Shop it went into first, it has not been changed. I am inclined to believe them given the type of failure shown.

The problem:

HDD when powered on with native USB PCB spins up. There are no clicking noises. The HDD is not detected.

The ROM chip was read by an external reader (see attached). Then ROM was reprogrammed to an unlocked SATA PCB to work on SA. When HDD is powered on the HDD enters RDY, but in Kernel mode. Launching Utility shows an error with ROM. See below:

HDD Info reading........................ : Ok
Heads number............................ : 4
Cyl Count............................... : 384
ROM:
Read ROM................................ : Ok
ROM Data size........................... : 1024 Kb
Flash ROM dir reading................... : Ok (Active)
Flash ROM dir reading (Ext)............. : Ok
Modules directory address............... : 212 461
SA regions address...................... : by default
Module 02 access........................ : Granted

SA SPT.................................. : 0

ROM Modules:
ROM version............................. : 06.8JE
ROM F/W version......................... : Module ID 4F reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Overlay F/W version..................... : 06.8JE
Servo F/W version....................... : 03.6I

Head Map Reading Error.................. : Module ID 0A reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"

Relocations............................. : 0 (0)


Read ROM modules
Into file............................... : <HDD Profile>\Data\ROM
Module : 0A............................. : Module ID 0A reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 0B............................. : Ok
Module : 20B............................ : Ok
Module : 30............................. : Module ID 30 reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 47............................. : Module ID 47 reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 0D............................. : Module ID 0D reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 4F............................. : Module ID 4F reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 181............................ : Ok
Module : 1A2............................ : Module ID 1A2 reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 1B6............................ : Module ID 1B6 reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 1B0............................ : Ok


====

Using a donor 06.8JE ROM from another Charger HDD it is possible to calibrate the HDD to RDY, read ID, and read all firmware modules OK. Also, all LBA values are readable (obviously encrypted with SATA PCB). Please note that the donor ROM version was a matching in 06.8JE, but the donor Overlay F/W Revision was 06.8KE.

A ROM chip with the donor ROM was physically transferred to the patient PCB. The patient HDD spins up, is correctly detected with ID and 2TB capacity. It is possible to read all LBA via USB. However, all data is encrypted.

As far as I am aware encryption is controlled by the MCU. The ROMs on Charger are not unique, and matching the same ROM F/W Revision is enough. ROM rebuilding from the SA data on Charger is not possible (at least in PC3000).

Any suggestions?

Best regards,
John


Attachments:
File comment: Original ROM
6343 ROM IS25WP080D Read by External.zip [661.2 KiB]
Downloaded 1087 times
2021-12-19 (5).png
2021-12-19 (5).png [ 204.46 KiB | Viewed 22747 times ]
2021-12-19 (4).png
2021-12-19 (4).png [ 332.24 KiB | Viewed 22747 times ]
2021-12-19 (3).png
2021-12-19 (3).png [ 508.43 KiB | Viewed 22747 times ]

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Lardman
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 22nd, 2021, 8:37 
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Only thing I can think of is finding the same overlay FW - I've had a quick look and it's not one I've got.

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cheadledatarecovery
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 22nd, 2021, 9:57 
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Indeed, trying to find a match on the FW Overlay and the ROM revision is proving difficult. If anyone has got one then it would helpful to rule out the Overlay FW revision making a difference.

Thanks,
John.

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fzabkar
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 22nd, 2021, 13:41 
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PC3000 is producing errors because it is detecting 0x20B as the directory module whereas in fact it should be 0x0B.

Code:
Analysing 6343 ROM IS25WP080D Read by External.bin ...

Searching for LDSCs and verifying PCMBlocks ...

LDSC   LDSC    Att   PCMBlock          RAM         size      PCMBlk CS
Start  ID CS        Start -  End     address     RAM / ROM    Exp/Act
-----  -- --   --   -----   -----   --------   ------ -----  ---------
    0  5A ED   04      20 -  1B47       1000     1B24  1B24  000AA627 000AA627 OK (digitally signed)
2000  01 49   04    2180 -  4AA0      49688     2820  2820    BA   BA   OK
2020  02 07   11    4AA1 -  8B05   30080000 c   5580  4064    18   18   OK
2040  03 66   0C    8B06 -  8EFA   24000000      3F4   3F4    D3   D3   OK
2060  04 AC   40    8EFB -  DCD3   FFE00200     4DD8  4DD8    19   19   OK
2080  05 D3   01    DCD4 -  E7E0   38268800 c    D48   B0C    2D   2D   OK
20A0  06 C4   04    E7E1 -  EC81   38269800      4A0   4A0    79   79   OK
20C0  07 12   01    EC82 - 14B12          0 c   7894  5E90    F6   F6   OK
20E0  08 B6   01   14B13 - 14F33       DE84 c    4EC   420    C8   C8   OK
2100  09 98   03   14F34 - 175CC      40340 c   3160  2698    00   00   OK
2120  0A AD   03   175CD - 179A5   6026A800 c    9BC   3D8    2B   2B   OK
2140  0B 4B   01   179A6 - 2FEAE   38352800 c  208B0 18508    F6   F6   OK
2160  0C 4E   01   2FEAF - 556CF   38008230 c  32DCC 25820    88   88   OK
82000  01 49   04   82180 - 84AA0      49688     2820  2820    BA   BA   OK
82020  02 07   11   84AA1 - 88B05   30080000 c   5580  4064    18   18   OK
82040  03 66   0C   88B06 - 88EFA   24000000      3F4   3F4    D3   D3   OK
82060  04 AC   40   88EFB - 8DCD3   FFE00200     4DD8  4DD8    19   19   OK
82080  05 D3   01   8DCD4 - 8E7E0   38268800 c    D48   B0C    2D   2D   OK
820A0  06 C4   04   8E7E1 - 8EC81   38269800      4A0   4A0    79   79   OK
820C0  07 12   01   8EC82 - 94B12          0 c   7894  5E90    F6   F6   OK
820E0  08 B6   01   94B13 - 94F33       DE84 c    4EC   420    C8   C8   OK
82100  09 98   03   94F34 - 975CC      40340 c   3160  2698    00   00   OK
82120  0A AD   03   975CD - 979A5   6026A800 c    9BC   3D8    2B   2B   OK
82140  0B 4B   01   979A6 - AFEAE   38352800 c  208B0 18508    F6   F6   OK
82160  0C 4E   01   AFEAF - D56CF   38008230 c  32DCC 25820    88   88   OK

LDSC   = PM Loader Config String (32 bytes)
ID     = ID byte of LDSC (byte #0)
CS     = Checksum byte or word
Att    = Attributes
PCMBlk = Program Code Memory Block
Exp    = Expected checksum for PCMBLock
Act    = Actual checksum for PCMBLock
c      = compressed PCMBlock
size   = size of decompressed (in RAM) and compressed (in ROM) PCMBlock in bytes


ROYL directory module 0x000B found at 0x7F43E

Active directory flag = 0x03

Identifying SA regions ...

Reg#    Reg size     Reg loc
----  ----------  ----------
0x00  0x000A6338  0x00000000
0x01  0x000A6338  0x000AA49C

Verifying ROYL modules ...

ID          Size (bytes)         Address    Checksum
dir   hdr        dir       hdr
----  ----   --------  --------   --------   --------
0001  N/A    00004000  N/A        00033DED             N/A
000A  OK     0000004E  00000200   0007E000   00000000  OK
000B  OK     0000013D  00000200   0007F43E   00000000  OK
020B  OK     0000013D  00000200   0007D43E   00000000  OK
0030  OK     00000400  OK         000FE000   00000000  OK
0047  OK     000006A4  00000800   0007E556   00000000  OK
000D  OK     00000108  00000200   0007E04E   00000000  OK
004F  OK     00000400  OK         0007E156   00000000  OK
0181  OK     00000C00  OK         000FE400   00000000  OK
01A2  OK     0000007E  00000200   0007EBFA   00000000  OK
01B6  OK     0000069E  00000800   0007EC78   00000000  OK
01B0  OK     00000128  00000200   0007F316   00000000  OK

ROYL directory module 0x020B found at 0x7D43E

Active directory flag = 0x04

Identifying SA regions ...

Reg#    Reg size     Reg loc
----  ----------  ----------
0x00  0x000A6338  0x00000000
0x01  0x000A6338  0x000AA49C

Verifying ROYL modules ...

ID          Size (bytes)         Address    Checksum
dir   hdr        dir       hdr
----  ----   --------  --------   --------   --------
0001  N/A    00004000  N/A        00000000             N/A
000A  FFFF   0000004E  01FFFE00   0007C000   0000FFEC  BAD
000B  OK     0000013D  00000200   0007F43E   00000000  OK
020B  OK     0000013D  00000200   0007D43E   00000000  OK
0181  OK     00000C00  OK         000FE400   00000000  OK
0030  OK     00000400  OK         000FE000   00000000  OK
0047  FFFF   000006A4  01FFFE00   0007C556   FFFFFE57  BAD
000D  FFFF   00000108  01FFFE00   0007C04E   FFFFFFBE  BAD
004F  FFFF   00000400  01FFFE00   0007C156   FFFFFF00  BAD
01A2  FFFF   0000007E  01FFFE00   0007CBFA   0000FFE0  BAD
01B6  FFFF   0000069E  01FFFE00   0007CC78   2643F628  BAD
01B0  OK     00000128  00000200   0007D316   00000000  OK

dir  -  Module ID/Size as reported in directory module (0x20B or 0x0B)
hdr  -  Module ID/Size as reported in module's header
N/A  -  Not Applicable
BAD  -  Module has invalid checksum. This may be due to non-existent module.

ROM modules saved to Flash_00\000Bmods and Flash_00\020Bmods

Active directory is 0x20B

Analysing active 0x0A module ...

Module has bad checksum -- processing aborted

Analysing active 0x0D module ...

Module has bad checksum -- processing aborted

Analysing active 0x4F module ...

Module has bad checksum -- processing aborted

Analysing active 0x47 module ...

Module has bad checksum -- processing aborted

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fzabkar
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 22nd, 2021, 13:45 
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The active directory flags in modules 0x0B and 0x20B don't appear to follow the usual format.

module 0x20B
Code:
Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F

00000000  52 4F 59 4C 04 80 1E 00 0B 02 01 00 68 50 D6 BD  ROYL.€......hPÖ½
00000010  30 30 30 33 30 30 30 30 00 00 00 04 03 00 0C 12  00030000........
                                           ^^^^^

module 0x0B
Code:
Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F

00000000  52 4F 59 4C 04 80 1E 00 0B 00 01 00 E8 9A FB 94  ROYL.€......èšû”
00000010  30 30 30 33 30 30 30 30 00 00 00 03 02 00 0C 12  00030000........
                                           ^^^^^

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fzabkar
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 22nd, 2021, 14:34 
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Could we see the donor ROM? I could swap the active flags in the patient ROM, if PC3000 can't do it.

FWIW, the warranty expiration date is 14-Mar-2023. If you suspect that the ROM is not original, you could examine the YYWW/YWW date codes on the ICs and see how they compare against the warranty date. You could do the same for both the patient and donor so that you know what to expect.

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fzabkar
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 22nd, 2021, 17:21 
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I copied the mods in 0x0B to the locations specified in 0x20B.


Attachments:
ROM_mods_copied.7z [329.01 KiB]
Downloaded 984 times

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cheadledatarecovery
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 23rd, 2021, 10:48 
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Thanks for the responses. I've been working on this with some help extracting the contents of 129 and creating a repaired version of the patient ROM. This repaired version of the patient ROM now calibrates the HDD to RDY normally with access to the SA. However, when using the repaired ROM, with imported ROM modules from 129, the HDD is unstable and makes clicking sounds and reads slowly. Using the repaired ROM on both on SATA unlocked and patient USB it is still possible to read LBA and shows as encrypted. However, the data shown is the same as when using the donor ROM.

What I did not notice before, is that the encrypted data shown in LBA is the same regardless of when the unlocked SATA or the patient USB PCB is used. See screenshot attached.

To me, this leaves the possibilities:
1) Some failure of the patient USB PCB and that the MCU is no longer decrypting data.
2) The USB PCB is not the original PCB, and that it was swapped with another Charger PCB which does not use MCU based encryption (as per the earlier models of Charger).

Whilst I am aware of the possibility of of disabling SED Lock by comparing 1A2 in the ROM, and 1A2 from with 129.rpm, I am not aware that MCU based SED encryption can be turned on or off. As far as I am aware it cannot.

For reference this is a WD20SDRW-11VUUS1
DOM: 19 JAN 2021

Best regards,
John


Attachments:
Charger encryption.jpg
Charger encryption.jpg [ 758.54 KiB | Viewed 22440 times ]

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Lardman
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 23rd, 2021, 12:04 
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Do you photograph drives on intake - if so any clues from the screw heads regarding the pcb state.

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fzabkar
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 23rd, 2021, 13:35 
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If you take a working donor drive and perform the same ROM "repair" procedure, do you still have access to your data? That should tell you if there is anything wrong with your methodology.

Could we see your repaired ROM? Did you try my repaired version?

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jono-ats
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 23rd, 2021, 16:47 
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A long shot . . .

Have you tried WD's SMART tools on the drive when connected to a USB port? I'm wondering if the drive has a user-defined password.

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fzabkar
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 23rd, 2021, 18:06 
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cheadledatarecovery wrote:
For reference this is a WD20SDRW-11VUUS1
DOM: 19 JAN 2021

If you can provide good photos of both sides of the PCB, I'll be able to tell you whether the PCB is likely to be original.

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fzabkar
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: December 23rd, 2021, 18:18 
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cheadledatarecovery wrote:
Flash ROM dir reading................... : Ok (Active)
Flash ROM dir reading (Ext)............. : Ok

Head Map Reading Error.................. : Module ID 0A reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"


Read ROM modules
Into file............................... : <HDD Profile>\Data\ROM
Module : 0A............................. : Module ID 0A reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 0B............................. : Ok
Module : 20B............................ : Ok
Module : 30............................. : Module ID 30 reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 47............................. : Module ID 47 reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 0D............................. : Module ID 0D reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 4F............................. : Module ID 4F reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 181............................ : Ok
Module : 1A2............................ : Module ID 1A2 reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 1B6............................ : Module ID 1B6 reading error Device Error Detected: "FM ERR HEADER II SIGNATURE INVALID"
Module : 1B0............................ : Ok

Can people not see that the active directory has a problem? Compare the modules in the 000Bmods and 020Bmods (active directory) in my attachment. The bad modules are filled with 0xFF.

My patched ROM simply copies the modules in the 000B directory over the top of the corresponding uninitialised modules in the 020B directory.

I can't offer any insight into how a ROM can get into this state, but at least this patch should make PC3000 happy.

The .dec files in my attachment are decompressed versions of the corresponding PCMBlock. The "rev" files are dword-reversed versions of the compressed PCMBlocks.


Attachments:
Flash_00.7z [330.92 KiB]
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cheadledatarecovery
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: January 5th, 2022, 10:54 
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I'm sorry for the delay in my reply, I was away for Christmas and New Year.

I tried using the 000Bmods provided in the 7z file in two ways:
1) Writing these to the original patient ROM.
2) Writing these to the donor ROM.

The result is the same in each case - PC3000 reports the ROM checksums as OK, but HDD does not calibrate normally. No drive ID, or capacity. Writing back the full donor ROM still allows for correct ID, full capacity and access to all LBA. The data remains encrypted with the same hexadecimal values showing whether the SATA PCB is used or the USB.

Given that the patient USB PCB is not decrypting the data, and given the date of manufacture I would expect it is SEDv2 CPU based, is there any feasibility that method in which controls the encryption (the key) is somehow reset or non-functioning? Clearly, the obvious reason for these results is that the USB PCB provided is not the original, and is an earlier revision that does not use CPU based SEDv2. However, the customer is adamant that it is the original PCB.

Best regards and a happy new year,
John

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cheadledatarecovery
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: January 5th, 2022, 11:21 
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Finally, to add - when the patient USB PCB is used on the patient HDD, with donor ROM, the HDD calibrates normally in Windows. Using the WD Discovery software, the HDD reports as "WD Elements". As a consequence of being an Elements series, it does not have the option to set a user password in WD Security.

J

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fzabkar
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: January 5th, 2022, 14:01 
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cheadledatarecovery wrote:
Clearly, the obvious reason for these results is that the USB PCB provided is not the original, and is an earlier revision that does not use CPU based SEDv2.

And how would you know that?

https://forum.hddguru.com/search.php?keywords=YWW+YYWW&terms=any&author=&sc=1&sf=all&sk=t&sd=d&sr=posts&st=0&ch=300&t=0&submit=Search

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fzabkar
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: January 5th, 2022, 14:29 
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I've been analysing a Charger ROM and associated SA modules (109, 11, 129) in another thread. If you can upload these modules, I can tell you if they are likely to be compatible.

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cheadledatarecovery
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: January 6th, 2022, 7:44 
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YYWW code on MCU is 2050.

Attached are selected modules from the patient HDD.

Regards,
J

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Attachments:
6343 rpm..zip [1.03 MiB]
Downloaded 721 times

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fzabkar
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: January 6th, 2022, 15:35 
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The manufacture date of the MCU (week 50 of 2020) predates the date on the label by 1 month.

109.rpm (ver 06.8J)

Code:
Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F

00004900  00 F0 83 62 53 4D 42 45 47 56 45 52 30 36 2E 38  .ðƒbSMBEGVER06.8
00004910  4A 45 00 00 53 4D 45 4E 44 56 45 52 45 44 33 33  JE..SMENDVERED33

ROM (ver 06.8J in both halves of ROM)

Code:
Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F

00004700  00 F0 83 62 53 4D 42 45 47 56 45 52 30 36 2E 38  .ðƒbSMBEGVER06.8
00004710  4A 45 00 00 53 4D 45 4E 44 56 45 52 45 44 33 33  JE..SMENDVERED33
........
00084700  00 F0 83 62 53 4D 42 45 47 56 45 52 30 36 2E 38  .ðƒbSMBEGVER06.8
00084710  4A 45 00 00 53 4D 45 4E 44 56 45 52 45 44 33 33  JE..SMENDVERED33

11.rpm (ver 06.8K, 0006008K)

Code:
Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F

00000000  52 4F 59 4C 03 80 30 00 11 00 D1 07 36 42 02 B9  ROYL.€0...Ñ.6B.¹
00000010  30 30 30 36 30 30 38 4B 07 07 07 00 00 00 55 AA  0006008K......Uª
........
000D4B80  00 53 4D 42 45 47 56 45 52 30 36 2E 38 4B 45 00  .SMBEGVER06.8KE.
000D4B90  30 30 30 36 30 30 38 4B 30 33 2E 36 49 00 30 36  0006008K03.6I.06

129.RPM (ver 0006008J in ROYL mod 0x4F)

Code:
Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F

00006A90  52 4F 59 4C 04 80 1E 00 4F 00 02 00 3D 18 CA 04  ROYL.€..O...=.Ê.
00006AA0  30 30 30 36 30 30 38 4A 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  0006008J........

0x1A2 and 0x129 have the same 96-byte signature

Code:
Offset(h) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F

00007AA0                                            11 FC
00007AB0  FC C7 64 37 2B AD 77 BD 78 3B D5 AE CB 14 95 CE
00007AC0  DE 3A 95 A6 0A F4 B5 B6 F3 72 32 BE DB 1F 55 10
00007AD0  47 FF CC 31 54 3D 6F 3D BF BD 4B 5B 7D 58 A0 EB
00007AE0  A9 DF 4A 49 E6 CC 9A E7 A7 29 AF 16 85 72 DD 53
00007AF0  0D 5C 6A F9 CB 85 32 28 3D AD 80 0C 36 9C 8A C1
00007B00  8A 73 0B E4 78 73 91 69 A9 DC 13 E3 DC D7

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cheadledatarecovery
 Post subject: Re: WD Charger ROM fault / Encrypted data with donor ROM.
PostPosted: January 7th, 2022, 8:57 
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Joined: February 18th, 2009, 8:08
Posts: 306
Location: Manchester, UK
Thanks.

Given the DOM of the MCU is a month before the DOM of the HDA then it seems to be in the range of it being native.

Regardless, of what has happened to this ROM, at this point in time there does not seem to be a method to allow for decryption or to resolve what has caused the failure of decryption. It has been necessary to call time on this job.

May I thank those who have assisted in the forum.

Best regards,
John

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